KANDASWAMI GOUNDAN Vs. SUBBARAMA AYYAR

JUDGEMENT

(1.) The Official Receiver of Coimbatore held a sale of certain lands, which were purchased by the petitioner in C. R. P. No. 2244 of 1939, who is a respondent in C. M. A. No. 480 of 1940. Prior to the sale the insolvent had put in an application to scale down the debt under Act IV of 1938 and some creditors, who are the appellants here, put in an application under Section 68 of the Provincial Insolvency Act to set aside the sale. The learned Subordinate Judge set aside the sale on three grounds. One was that the purchaser, the 7 creditor, had been appointed a receiver of the property in a mortgage action and that it was against public policy to permit a receiver to purchase the property. The second ground was that the scaling down application was pending and that the probable result of that application would be a considerable scaling down of the mortgage debt, with the result that the lands would fetch a very much higher price. The third ground was that there was no proper notice to the other creditors. In appeal, the learned District Judge thought that although in certain cases a receiver ought not to be allowed to bid, there could be no objection in the present case. On the other two points he thought that no decision could properly be arrived at in the absence of evidence which had not been admitted by the Subordinate Judge. He therefore allowed the appeal and remanded the application for fresh disposal. The appeal is against the order of remand by the District Judge; and the revision petition is against the order of the Subordinate Judge, it being contended in revision that Section 23 of Act IV of 1938 did not apply and that therefore the sale could not be set aside.

(2.) The learned District Judge referred to a decision in Subramaniam V/s. Damavarapu Reddi (1935) 68 M.L.J. 597, in which it was held that as a matter of public policy a receiver should not be allowed to bid in an auction sale held in execution of a decree arising out of a mortgage in which he had been appointed a receiver and that if he did bid, the sale should be set aside on that ground alone without any inquiry as to whether any person had been prejudiced by his purchase. The learned District Judge sought to distinguish that case from the present case by pointing out that Subramaniam V/s. Damavarapu Reddi (1935) 68 M.L.J. 597, related to a Court-sale in execution of a decree, whereas in the present case the sale was by the Official Receiver. I can see no distinction between a sale by a Court and a sale by the Official Receiver. The principle underlying the decision in Subramaniam V/s. Damavarapu Reddi (1935) 68 M.L.J. 597 had no connection with the nature of the selling agency. It asserted that it was against public policy that a receiver, who had special means of knowing during the course of his receivership the peculiarities and the value of the property, should be allowed to take advantage of that knowledge at a sale. That principle applies equally to the present case. It is pointed out that in that case the receiver continued as receiver right up to the date of the sale, whereas in the present case he ceased to be a receiver with the adjudication of the judgment- debtor, Even so, I doubt whether a distinction can be drawn. No case has been pointed out to me in which the general principle laid down in Subramaniam V/s. Damavarapu Reddi (1935) 68 M.L.J. 597 has been departed from. It must apply to all cases where a receiver has been appointed, unless by some other principle a particular class of cases are excepted. Moreover, as the Official Receiver had a right only in the equity of redemption (because the mortgagees continued to hold the security for their debts), the respondent continued to be receiver up to the date of the sale and even thereafter.

(3.) The appeal is therefore allowed, the order of the District Judge set aside and that of the Subordinate Judge restored with costs here and in the District Court. It would follow that the Civil Revision Petition, which is against the order of the Subordinate Judge, has also to be dismissed.