(1.) Since the decision in Dhingra's case (Parshotam Lal Dhingra vs. Union of India) the law as regards the confirmation of a probationer stands settled. The Supreme Court in Dhingra's case observed :
(2.) Subsequently, in Samsher Singh's case (Samsher Singh vs. State of Punjab) the Supreme Court in no uncertain terms declared that question of there being a violation of Article 311 (2) in regard to non-confirmation of a probationer does not and cannot arise. The Supreme Court in Samsher's case (supra) observed :
(3.) In a later decision in the case of Oil & Natural Gas Commission vs. Md.S Iskandar AW the Supreme Court reiterated the termination of services of a probationer cannot attract the provisions of Article 311 of the Constitution. The Supreme Court observed :