(1.) Since a common question of law has been raised in all the captioned applications, those were heard analogously and are being disposed of by this common judgment and order.
(2.) By these applications under section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973, the applicants, arraigned as accused in the different criminal cases, seek to invoke the inherent powers of this Court praying for quashing of the proceedings of the criminal cases on the ground that the court concerned could not have taken cognizance of the offences on a police report in view of the bar of section 195 of the Code.
(3.) Let me look into the individual cases.