(1.) These 13 petitions are based on similar facts and involve identical questions of law. They were heard together and will be disposed of by this judgement.
(2.) There are a number of contentions made and reliefs prayed for in these petitions but the learned counsel for the petitioners have, before us, confined their challenge to the validity of Rule 45(xiii) of the Delhi Cinematograph Rules, 1943 (herinafter referred to as "the Rules"), and Condition 8A in the conditions contained in proforma of a licence given in the said Rules and the Notification No. F. 2/45 / 75-Fin.(G) dated 30-10-1975 and 15-11-1975, containing orders issued by the Lt. Governor of Delhi under Rule 45(xiii).
(3.) The Rules were framed in the purported exercise of the power conferred on the rule-making authority by Section 16 of the Cinematograph Act, 1952 (hereinafter referred to as "the 1952 Act").